Ganglion cysts are fluid-filled lumps that commonly develop around the wrist, although their exact cause is not always known. They may form when joint or tendon irritation allows synovial fluid to leak into nearby tissue. Repeated stress or strain on the wrist can also contribute, while people with osteoarthritis or previous wrist injuries may be more prone to developing them.

Symptoms vary depending on the cyst’s size and location. A visible lump may appear on the back or palm side of the wrist, and its size can sometimes change with activity or even disappear temporarily. Some people experience aching or tenderness, reduced grip strength, or limited movement. If the cyst presses on a nerve, it may also cause tingling, numbness, or weakness in the hand or fingers.

Treatment depends on the symptoms. If the cyst is painless, doctors may recommend observation because some ganglion cysts disappear on their own. A wrist splint can restrict movement and reduce pressure, while aspiration allows a doctor to drain the jelly-like fluid with a needle. However, the cyst may return because its connection to the joint remains. Surgical removal may be considered when the cyst causes significant pain, limits function, or repeatedly returns.

People should avoid old remedies that involve hitting or crushing a cyst with a heavy object, as this can cause serious tissue damage, infection, and other complications. Anyone with a new, painful, growing, or bothersome lump around the wrist should seek medical evaluation to confirm the diagnosis and discuss the safest treatment options.